Background: Around 15% of the global population has some form of disability. Rights to obtain proper health care is an emphasis in the United Nationals Convention on the Right of People with Disability. Due to the importance of improving vision health for people with disabilities, studies on how to identify vision problems becomes extremely important in policy formulation for all countries. Among all types of disabilities, people with intellectual disability (ID) are among the ones where vision problems are the hardest to detect. Currently, no caregiver assessable scales are available, as a result, adults with ID are at high risk of delayed diagnose for common ocular conditions. Objectives: This is a one-year project. The objective of this study is two folds: 1. To develop an item bank of ocular conditions of adults with ID; 2. To develop a scale for caregivers to detect ocular conditions for adults with ID, and to validate the reliability, construct validity and responsiveness of the scale.
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Inclusion Criteria: 1. Age 20 and above 2. Primary caregivers for at least one adult with ID (have disability identification or (and) certification). Exclusion Criteria: 1. Unable to communicate in Mandarin or Taiwanese.(Primarycaregivers) 2. Unable to cooperate with eye examination.(ID)